Time hr. Further the operation time was increased as interval of 30 minutes, i. It is also observed that the oil yield become constant as 2. Hence, three hour is considered as optimize operation time. Furthermore, to see the effect of sample weight on the oil yield, the other samples from X17 to X21 was taken.
The rhizomes weight was increased from X17 to X21 in between 50 gram to gram. Table 2 Turmeric oil ml. X17 50 0. For the next sample X18 , we obtained 2. Further, for the next sample X19 the sample weight was increased as gram. In this case the turmeric oil increased as 3. Similarly, the sample weight was increased upto gram X20, X Overall, the oil yield increases with increase in sample weight. In the product stream section G of Figure 2 , we obtain essential oil from turmeric rhizomes.
In vessel A Figure 2 , initially distilled water was taken but during the operation the process water was continuously re-circulated. So, in vessel A, some of the water soluble components of essential oil may present. In vessel B, we obtain dark orange color mixture. Table 3 Identified compounds present in turmeric oil, water and mixture Turmeric oil Water Residue mixture 1,8-cineole Beta turmerone Zingiberene Beta-cedrene Ar.
The specific components of the essential oil and residue was identified by comparing mass spectra fragmentation pattern and retention time with the library values. Identification of compounds has been done by comparing mass spectra fragmentation pattern and retention time. The identified compounds as given in Table 3 are ar-curcumene, zingiberene, dehydro-curcumene, ar- turmerone, turmerone, curlone and many of them are still unidentified.
The chemical composition of obtained essential oil is given in Table 4. It can be state here that the present method for turmeric oil extraction is suitable. In addition of turmeric oil we are obtaining two more fractions, one in residue water and other is dark orange condensate.
Table 4 Turmeric oil composition S. Identified compound Composition 1 ar-turmerone Usually, in conventional methods these trace components are not recoverable and drains in the waste water steam. Conversely, in present method, it is separated into two fractions, one of them is highly concentrated dark orange mixture. This dark orange mixture can further separated into their components or group of components.
Similarly, the residue water can be used for recovery of water soluble turmeric oil components. Hence, in this method we are obtaining three different streams. This is an Eco-friendly process for separation of essential oil from plant materials.
In this method the essential oil loss is minimum. Conclusion In present investigation the emphasis was laid on the feasibility of the modified distillation process to obtain essential oil from plant origins. A new design has been used for the entire experimental work. The oil yield obtained from rhizomes ranges between 2. The GC- MS analysis of turmeric oil was used to obtain the chemical composition of turmeric oil. Overall, the present method modified steam distillation method is feasible technique for the essential oil extraction from plant origins with minimum losses.
It can be considered as eco-friendly technique. References 1. Gujrati D. Masango, P. Journal of Cleaner Production, Guenther, E. These extracts increase in level and go to the siphon tube is set up as liquid reaches the point of return, and contents of the extraction chamber are transferred to RBF. The cycle of solvent evaporation and siphoning back can be continued as many times as possible without changing the solvent, to get efficient extraction.
The final extract gets collected in the RBF. Curcumin was isolated from Turmeric powder by the Soxhlet extraction method. View 1 excerpt, cites results.
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